Combined Oral Contraception and Bicalutamide in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Severe Hirsutism: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Mar 1;103(3):824-838. doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-01186.

Abstract

Context: Hirsutism often occurs in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The efficacy of oral contraceptive pill (OCP) plus antiandrogens in the treatment of its severe expression is controversial due to the lack of randomized, double-blind, long-term studies.

Objective: The primary outcome was the reduction of hirsutism in PCOS women objectively measured by videodermoscopy on the androgen-sensitive skin areas assessed by the modified Ferriman and Gallwey (mF&G) total score, after 12 months of therapy with OCP + bicalutamide (BC) vs OCP plus placebo (P). The secondary outcomes were to evaluate tolerability of BC and body composition as well as the occurrence of adverse events.

Design: An experimental, phase 3, prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, P-controlled trial. Patients were evaluated at the baseline visit, at 6 and 12 months during treatment, and 6 months' posttreatment.

Participants: Seventy women with classic PCOS (severe hirsutism, oligoanovulation, and ovarian polycystic ovarian morphology).

Intervention: Patients received OCP + BC (50 mg/d) or OCP + P for 12 months.

Results: The repeated measures analysis of variance showed that both treatments were effective in reducing hirsutism: The OCP + BC group had a higher reduction compared with the OCP + P group. No adverse effects were described during treatment except an increase in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in the OCP + BC group.

Conclusions: The association of OCP + BC is well tolerated and significantly more effective than OCP alone in treating severe hirsutism. We suggest a combined use of the videodermoscopic index and mF&G to evaluate the effects of androgen deprivation therapy for hirsutism.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Androgen Antagonists / adverse effects
  • Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Anilides / adverse effects
  • Anilides / therapeutic use*
  • Anthropometry / methods
  • Body Composition
  • Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / adverse effects
  • Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / therapeutic use*
  • Dermoscopy / methods
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hirsutism / diagnosis
  • Hirsutism / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Nitriles / adverse effects
  • Nitriles / therapeutic use*
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / diagnostic imaging
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Tosyl Compounds / adverse effects
  • Tosyl Compounds / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonography
  • Video Recording / methods

Substances

  • Androgen Antagonists
  • Anilides
  • Contraceptives, Oral, Combined
  • Nitriles
  • Tosyl Compounds
  • bicalutamide

Associated data

  • EudraCT/2009-009368-30